Back to the Research Station

📚 Field Glossary

The science words you'll meet at the Station — in plain language

No word matches that. Try a shorter spelling!

🦣 Living Things

Species (SPEE-sheez)
One kind of living thing. Coquí frogs are one species; Roosevelt elk are another.
Endemic (en-DEM-ik)
Found naturally in just one place on Earth and nowhere else. The Olympic marmot is endemic to one peninsula; the coquí is endemic to Puerto Rico.
Endangered
A species with so few left that it could disappear forever without help. The Puerto Rican parrot is endangered.
Threatened
A species that is likely to become endangered soon if things don't change.
Habitat
The place where a plant or animal naturally lives and finds food, water, and shelter.
Canopy
The leafy "roof" of the forest, made by the tops of the tallest trees. Hurricane Maria stripped El Yunque's canopy bare.
Understory
The shadier layer of plants growing below the canopy, between the treetops and the forest floor.
Epiphyte (EP-ih-fyte)
A plant that grows on another plant instead of in the soil. Many ferns and orchids grow high on tree trunks this way.
Decomposer
A living thing, like a banana slug or a bracket fungus, that breaks down dead plants and animals and recycles them back into the soil.
Food web
All the ways living things in a place are connected by who eats what.
Keystone species
A species that many others depend on, so the whole forest changes if it disappears — like salmon in the Hoh.
Adaptation
A special feature or behavior that helps a living thing survive where it lives, like a coquí's loud call or an otter's water-repellent fur.

🌧 Climate & Weather

Climate
The usual weather of a place measured over many years — not just today, but the long-term pattern.
Temperate
Having cool winters and mild summers. The Hoh is a temperate rainforest.
Tropical
Warm all year, near the Equator. El Yunque is a tropical rainforest.
Biome (BY-ohm)
A big type of natural area with its own climate, plants, and animals, like a rainforest, a desert, or a coral reef.
Glacier (GLAY-shur)
A huge, slow-moving river of ice on a mountain. Melting glaciers feed the Hoh River in late summer.
Snowpack
The snow that piles up on mountains in winter and slowly melts in spring and summer, like a frozen water savings account.
Orographic lift (or-oh-GRAF-ik)
When wet ocean air is pushed up by mountains, cools, and falls as rain. It's why both rainforests get so much rain.
Hurricane
A giant spinning tropical storm with very strong winds and heavy rain. Hurricane Maria hit El Yunque in 2017.
Resilience (ree-ZIL-yenss)
The ability to recover after something harmful happens, like a forest growing back after a storm.

🗺 Maps, Science & Research

Conservation
Protecting nature and wildlife so they survive for the future. National parks and forests are tools for conservation.
Captive breeding
Raising animals safely with human help — like the Puerto Rican parrots at the Iguaca Aviary — so they can be returned to the wild.
Source
Where a fact comes from. Good researchers always name their sources — that's why every fact block here brings its source along.
Public domain
Photos, videos, or writing that belong to everyone and are free for anyone to use. Most government photos are public domain.
StoryMap
A web page that mixes maps, words, and pictures to tell a true story about a place — the thing you are building.
Express Map
A quick map you make right inside your StoryMap, with pins for the places in your story.
Basemap
The background map you build on top of — like a satellite (imagery) view or a topographic (mountains-and-trails) view.
Lidar (LY-dar)
A tool that fires laser beams from a plane to measure the height and shape of a forest. NASA used lidar to map El Yunque after the hurricane.